Objective: To observe the indications and outcomes of cesarean section and forceps midwifery during the second stage of labor under labor analgesia. Methods: The clinical data of 88 cases of cesarean section and 57 cases of forceps midwifery during the second stage of labor at Xiangya Hospital from January 2016 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The intervention indications, birth canal or uterine incision laceration, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal weight, asphyxia, rate of admission to neonatal ICU (NICU) as well as the second stage of labor and decision-making to delivery time were compared between the two groups. Results: The main midwifery indication in the obstetric forceps group was fetal distress, and the main indication of delivery in the cesarean section group was fetal head arrest. The rates of laceration, postpartum hemorrhage, decrease of hemoglobin and NICU in the forceps group were higher than those in the cesarean section group, while the decision-making to delivery time and hospitalization days were shorter than those in the cesarean section group with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in maternal tamponade, blood transfusion, time of the second stage of labor, birth weight, asphyxia and neonatal injury between the two groups (P>0.05). The time and length of stay in the cesarean section group were shorter than those in the cesarean section group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Obstetric forceps can make the delivery faster, while attention should be paid to avoid laceration and postpartum hemorrhage. Cesarean section should avoid uterine laceration.