Objective: To investigate the level and risk factors of self-perceived burden (SPB) in youth patients with primary liver cancer. Methods: The self-made basic status questionnaire, SPB scale and social support rating scale were used to survey 138 cases with primary liver cancer from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2015. The risk factors of SPB were analyzed. Results: The 126 effective questionnaires were got and the effective rate was 95.65%. The average score of SPB with youth liver cancer was 29.7±3.4. Among them, 20 cases (15.87%) have no SBP, 25 cases (19.84%) were at lower level, 52 cases (41.27%) were at moderate level and 29 cases (23.02%) were at severe level. Univariate analysis showed household income, the patients understanding of disease, relation between patients and caregiver, age of caregiver, health condition of caregiver, course of disease, BCLC stage, treatment method, and complications were associated with SPB (P<0.05). The score of social support, subjective support, objective support and support utilization were positively correlated with SPB (P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that household income, the patients understanding of disease, age of caregiver, health condition of caregiver, BCLC stage and support utilization were important risk factors of SPB (P<0.05). Conclusion: SPB is common in youth patients with liver cancer and moderate and severe level is in majority. Nurses should take positive interventions to release the negative emotional experiences according to the condition of patients.