Objective: To investigate symptoms of middle-stage and advanced-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and explore the influencing factors of syndromes and analyze their correlation with quality of life. Methods: We carried out a cross section survey on 143 middle-stage and advanced-stage CKD patients receiving treatment in our hospital by a Patient Performance Scale (POS) and a concise health questionnaire (SF-36), and analyzed the correlation. Results: The most common syndromes of middle-stage and advanced-stage CKD patients were fatigue (58.7%), weakness (53.1%) and pain (46.9%); relatively severe syndromes were weakness, fatigue and insomnia-early. Exploratory factor analysis showed that middle-stage and advanced-stage CKD patients had physical deficiencies—pain syndromes, skin syndromes, emotion-uremia syndromes, cardiopulmonary system anemic syndromes and nerve digestive system syndromes. As for patients with following characters: age ≥70 years, education ≤9 years, living alone, combined cardiovascular disease, relatively low Hg and low eGFR, the score of physical deficiencies pain syndromes was higher (P<0.05); as for patients with combined diabetes and relatively high BUN, the score of skin syndromes was higher (P<0.05); as for patients aged 30~49 with lower eGFR, the score of emotion uremia syndromes was higher (P<0.05); as for patients with combined cardiovascular disease, the scores of cardiopulmonary system anemia syndromes and nerve digestive system syndromes were higher (P<0.05). Scores of PCS and MCS were negatively correlated with the score of each kind of syndromes and the total score (P<0.05). Conclusion: Middle-stage and advanced-stage CKD patients have many kinds of syndromes. The seriousness of syndromes is related with patients’ demographic characteristics, combined diseases and biochemical index. Each syndrome will affect patients’ quality of life.