Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of pulmonary artery floating catheter in the treatment of severe cardiovascular disease. Methods: 50 cases of severe cardiovascular disease patients were divided into observation group and control group, 25 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and the observation group was treated with pulmonary artery floating catheter additionally. The cardiac function, hemodynamics, complication rate and short term prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results: The cardiac function and hemodynamics of both groups were significantly improved after treatment. After treatment, there was no significant difference of blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation between both groups (P>0.05). But the heart rate in observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the left ventricular ejection fraction in observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group and NT-proBNP was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). The recurrence rate of myocardial infarction in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Pulmonary artery floating catheter used in the treatment of severe cardiovascular disease has the effect of improving cardiac function and outcome, which has the value of clinical application.