图文沟通护理对小儿开胸术后负性情绪、疼痛及家属健康知晓度的影响
| 作者: |
1田友春,
1王玲,
1潘红玲,
1潘小红,
1龚梅,
2安永,
1毛丹
1 重庆三峡中心医院妇女儿童医院儿科，重庆 404001 2 重庆医科大学附属儿童医院心胸外科，重庆 404002 |
| 通讯: |
安永
Email: cwxinhua@sina.com 毛丹 Email: ttyouchun@sina.com |
| DOI: | 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2016.09.012 |
| 基金: | 国家自然科学基金, 81370432 |
摘要
目的：研究图文沟通护理对小儿开胸术后负性情绪、疼痛及家属健康知晓度的影响。方法：选取我院76例择期开胸术患儿为研究对象，抽签随机分为观察组与对照组，均38例，两组均采取住院常规护理，观察组采取针对患儿及其家属的图文沟通护理，应用中国幼儿情绪性及社会性发展量表评价两组患儿术前、护理后负性情绪，比较两组患儿术后不同时间疼痛程度，同时随访观察两组患儿家属健康知晓度。结果：患儿负性情绪：术前两组外化行为、内化行为、失调、能力比较阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，护理后观察组各维度阳性率呈降低趋势，且低于对照组护理后阳性率，其中内化行为组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；患儿术后疼痛：两组手术室转入病房后即刻评定疼痛程度比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)，术后1、3、5、10 h观察组FLACC评分分别为(5.41±0.64)、(4.02±1.44)、(2.76±0.96)、(2.02±0.58)分与对照组(6.11±0.73)、(5.96±1.52)、(4.88±0.81)、(3.97±0.77)分比较均显著较低(P<0.05)；家属健康知晓度：出院时观察组患儿家属完全知晓率为97.37%，显著高于对照组73.68%(P<0.05)，随随访时间延长，两组患儿家属知晓率均呈不同程度降低，观察组患儿家属知晓率3、9月不知晓率分别为5.26%、15.79%，与对照组21.05%、36.84%比较显著较低(P<0.05)。结论：图文沟通护理基于患儿群体的特殊性，针对患儿及其家属采取直观表现的护理沟通方式，可显著改善患儿不良情绪，缓解其术后疼痛，并可提高患儿家属健康知晓度，具有较高的临床应用价值。
关键词：
图文沟通
开胸术
负性情绪
家属知晓度
The impact of graphic communication in nursing on negative emotion, pain degree and relations’ awareness of health after pediatric thoracotomy
CorrespondingAuthor: AN Yong Email: cwxinhua@sina.com
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2016.09.012
Abstract
Objective: To explore the impact of graphic communication in nursing on negative emotion, pain degree and relations’ awareness of health after pediatric thoracotomy. Methods: A total of 76 children undergoing elective thoracotomy in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 38 cases in each group. Both groups conducted routine nursing and the observation group with relations were additionally employed graphic communication in nursing. Children’s negative emotion before the operation and after the nursing was assessed by means of “Infant-toddler social and emotional assessment”. Scores of patients’ postoperative pain degree at different time point were compared between the two groups. Their relations’ awareness of health was also observed. Results: Before the operation the positive rates of externalizing, internalizing, deregulation and competence were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). In the observation group the positive rates of the four dimensions decreased after the nursing, and were lower than that in the control group, and among which the difference in the T-score of internalizing was statistically significant (P<0.05). Postoperative pain degree scores were estimated immediately after the transfer to the ward and were not different between the two groups (P>0.05). The scores of FLACC in the observation group were 5.41±0.64, 4.02±1.44, 2.76±0.96 and 2.02±0.58 at 1, 3, 5, and 10 h after the operation, and they were all significantly lower than that in the control group, which were respectively 6.11±0.73, 5.96±1.52, 4.88±0.81, and 3.97±0.77 (all P<0.05). The rates of relations’ awareness of health was 97.37% in the observation group, and was significantly higher than in the control group, with whose rate was only 73.68% (P<0.05). The rate of unawareness increased from 5.26% to 15.79% at 3- and 9-month follow-up in the observation group, respectively, which were both significantly lower than in the observation group, from 21.05% to 36.84% (P<0.05). Conclusion: Graphic communication in nursing is based on pediatric specialization and directly targeting patients and relations, which lowers pediatrics’ negative emotion and relief their postoperative pain degree, and enhances relations’ awareness of health. It has a higher clinical application and should be used widely.