Lipid droplet is an intracellular structure that consists of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids. Recently, more and more functional proteins have also been found to be associated with lipid droplet by proteomic studies. These proteins mosaic on the surface of lipid droplet via electrostatic or chemical way, and they may mediate lipid metabolism, membrane traffic, protein degradation, and signal transduction. Therefore, lipid droplet not only store lipids for catabolism but also function as an dynamic activities organelle for cellular lipid anabolism. Rab family proteins have been identified as major proteins on the surface of lipid droplet. Recent works demonstrate that rab family proteins may play an important role in information exchange between lipid droplet and other organelles, but the mechanism of its action has not yet entirely clear. In this paper, recent research on the biology and related research lipid droplet rab proteins are reviewed.