Objective: To investigate the etiology and treatment for hyperbilirubinemia through retrospective analysis of clinical data of 162 neonates, and to provide clinical evidence for early prevention and prognosis for hyperbilirubinemia in newborn. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the predisposing factors, high risk factors and therapy for hyperbilirubinemia in 162 newborns. Results: The major etiology of hyperbilirubinemia of newborn was the perinatal period (33.3%), and the next was breast milk jaundice and other causes. All children were recovered or improved by treating with blue light irradiation. Conclusion: Timely and positively dealing with the diseases at the neonatal stage can significantly reduce the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia. Blue light irradiation is the preferred treatment for hyperbilirubinemia of newborn.