孕前体重指数、孕期体重增加与新生儿窒息发生率的关系
| 作者: |
1林若琴
1 海南省文昌市庆龄妇幼保健院妇产科，海南文昌 571300 |
| 通讯: |
林若琴
Email: linruoqinl@126.com |
| DOI: | 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2015.07.025 |
摘要
目的： 探讨孕前体重指数、孕期体重增加量与新生儿窒息发生率的关系。方法： 对2012年1月至2014年1月在我院参加孕前检查且分娩单胎活产儿的1 522例孕产妇，其中新生儿窒息182例(11.96%)，按孕前体重指数分为偏瘦组(BMI<18.5)、正常组(18.5≤BMI<24.0)、超重组(24.0≤BMI<28.0)、肥胖组(BMI≥28)，按孕期体重增加分为<0.3 kg/周组、0.3~0.5kg/周组、>0.5 kg/周组，回顾性分析新生儿窒息发生率与孕妇孕前体重指数、孕期体重增加的关系。结果：偏瘦组(BMI<18.5)、正常组(18.5≤BMI<24.0)、超重组(24.0≤BMI<28.0)、肥胖组(BMI≥28)的新生儿窒息的发生率分别是10.60%、11.30%、16.10%、26.83%，呈逐渐递增的趋势；孕期增加体重<0.3 kg/周组、0.3~0.5 kg/周组、>0.5 kg/周组的新生儿窒息率分别为17.81%、11.41%、10.36%，随着孕期增重的增加，新生儿窒息率随之下降。结论：孕妇孕前体重指数(BMI)、孕期体重增加是新生儿窒息发生的重要影响因素，临床上应对孕妇孕前体重指数及孕期体重增加量进行监测，充分评估新生儿发生窒息的危险性，并及早行干预措施，降低新生儿窒息发生率，最大程度保障母婴安全。
关键词：
孕前体重指数
孕期体重增长
新生儿窒息
The relation among pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain and the incidence of neonatal asphyxia
CorrespondingAuthor: LIN Ruoqin Email: linruoqinl@126.com
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2015.07.025
Abstract
Objective: To study the relation among the pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG) and neonatal asphyxia rate. Methods: For a retrospective cohort study, date were obtained from all of the 1 522 pregnant women who got pregnancy test in our hospital and singleton delivery from January 2012 to January 2014. All of them are divided into four groups according to pre-pregnancy body mass index (lean group: BMI<18.5), normal group: 18.5≤BMI<24.0, overweight: 24.0≤BMI<28.0, obese group: BMI≥28), and then divided into three groups according to GWG (GWG<0.3 kg/week, 0.3≤GWG <0.5 kg/week, GWG≥0.5 kg/week). Among the 1 522 cases, 182 neonatal asphyxia (the rate is 11.96%) happened. Results: The incidence of neonatal asphyxia are 10.95% in lean group (BMI<18.5), 11.30% in normal group (18.5≤BMI<24.0), 16.95% in overweight (24.0≤BMI<28.0)and 21.96% in the obese group (BMI≥28), the neonatal asphyxia incidence is rising gradully with the BMI increasing. The rate of neonatal asphyxia are 17.81% in GWG <0.3 kg/week group, 0.3≤GWG<0.5 kg/week group , 10.36% in GWG≥0.5 kg/week group, with the increase of weight gain during pregnancy, the neonatal asphyxia rate drops. Conclusion: Pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG are two important factors for neonatal asphyxia incidence, they needed to be monitored in clinical facts so as to assess the neonatal asphyxia risk and then take early intervention measures to reduce the rate of neonatal asphyxia. The aim is to ensure the safety of mater and infant to the most extent.