Objective: To investigate the effect of intermittent pneumatic pressure pump applied to the prevention of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs after hip arthroplasty. Methods: A total of 158 patients undergoing hip arthroplasty admitted to Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine from July 2020 to July 2021 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, each group with 79 cases. The control group received enoxaparin sodium injection anticoagulation treatment after the operation, and the observation group received intermittent air pressure pump on this basis. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, swelling of the lower extremities, negative emotions before and after surgery, and changes in hip joint function were compared between the two groups. Results: The incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); the incidence of pulmonary embolism in the observation group was not statistically different from that in the control group (P>0.05); the postoperative swelling of the lower limbs in the observation group was milder than that in the control group (P<0.05); the postoperative HAMA and HAMD scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (all P<0.001); the hip pain, range of motion and function scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at 3 months postoperatively, and the deformity score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (all P<0.001). Conclusion: The application of intermittent pneumatic pressure pump after hip replacement can effectively prevent deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities, reduce the swelling of the lower extremities and negative emotions, and improve the function of the hip joint.