Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is one of the main causes of nephrotic syndrome and end-stage renal disease. With an increasing prevalence, IMN has received considerable attention in China. With the discovery of new biomarkers of IMN, the traditional animal model of IMN cannot meet the requirements of research. Moreover, due to the differences of race, environment, economy, living habits and other factors, a consensus has not yet been reached for the treatment of IMN. Based on studies published in recent years, this review firstly discusses advances in the new biomarkers, in addition to M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R), such as nerve epidermal growth factor-like 1 (NELL1). Secondly, the progress of new animal models for PLA2R and complement system are introduced. Finally, we detail the advantages and disadvantages of current therapeutic strategies for IMN. In addition to the early drug use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide and calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), we focus on the introduction of new biological agents based on the latest evidence-based medical evidence, such as rituximab, obinutuzumab, belimumab and the latest research and development progress of complement inhibitors. The esearch progress of IMN pathogenesis, new biomarkers and new animal models provides a good foundation for the in-depth study of IMN. In terms of treatment, fully consider the characteristics of the Chinese population. Therefore, optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of Chinese patients with IMN and improving their prognoses are prominent problems requiring urgent resolution.