Objective: To explore the effects of rapid rehabilitation surgery concept on neurological rehabilitation and complications of patients with cerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia. Methods: A total of 90 patients with cerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group. The control group received routine intervention, while the observation group received rapid rehabilitation surgery intervention on the basis of the control group. Both groups were intervened for 10 days. The activities of daily living, motor function, recovery of nerve function, quality of life and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results: The scores of ADL and motor function in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The neurological recovery of patients in observation group was better than that in control group (P<0.05). The quality of life of patients in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 8.89%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (22.22%, P<0.05). Conclusion: The concept of rapid rehabilitation surgery is beneficial to improve the daily activities and exercise function of patients with cerebral hemorrhage in basal ganglia, promote the recovery of neurological function, improve the quality of life and reduce the incidence of complications.