Objective: To investigate the effect of whether to ligate the gubernaculum vein on infertile patients with varicocele (VC) during microsurgery. Methods: The clinical data of 84 patients with VC infertility who underwent microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy (MSV) were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether the varicocele was ligated during the operation, they were divided into group A (n=38) and group B (n=46). In group A, testis was raised and the gubernaculum was ligated, but in group B, testis was not raised and the gubernaculum was not ligated. The operation time, complications, semen quality parameters and natural pregnancy of spouses were compared between the two groups. Results: The operation was successfully completed in both groups. There was no significant difference in the incidence of scrotal edema and the incidence of testicular hydrocele between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time in group B was shorter than that in group A, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The sperm density, the percentage of grade a sperm and the percentage of Grade A + B sperm in the two groups at the 3rd month after the operation were significantly higher than those before operation (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the above semen quality parameters between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no recurrence of VC in the two groups 12 months after the operation, and there was no significant difference in the natural pregnancy rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant effect on the curative effect of MCV with or without ligation of the gubernaculum in patients with VC infertility. It is suggested that tthe gubernaculum vein should not be ligated to shorten the operation time.