Objective: To investigate the effects of different blood pressure control levels on residual renal function (RRF) and cardiovascular event risk in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods: A total of 104 patients with PD admitted to the Department of Nephrology of Chizhou People’s Hospital from May 2015 to March 2020 were randomly divided into group I and group II, with 52 cases in each group. The targets of blood pressure control in the two groups were <140/90 mmHg and <130/80 mmHg, respectively. The treatment lasted for 48 weeks. The 24 h urine volume, residual renal urea clearance rate (Kt/V), creatinine clearance rate (Ccr), residual renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), total Kt/V and total Ccr were compared between the two groups before and after treatment, and the occurrence of cardiovascular events was recorded. Results: After 48 weeks of treatment, 24 h urine volume, residual kidney Kt/V, residual kidney Ccr, residual kidney GFR, total Kt/V, total Ccr of the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment, and the above indexes of group II after 48 weeks of treatment were higher than those of group I, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of cardiovascular events in group II was 5.77%, which was lower than 19.23% in group I, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The target of blood pressure control in PD patients is less than 130/80 mmHg, which is helpful to protect RRF, improve dialysis adequacy, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.