超声造影在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结中的应用
作者: |
1李邵跃,
1孙佳威,
1周显礼
1 哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院腹部超声科,哈尔滨 150086 |
通讯: |
周显礼
Email: hrbzhouxl@163.com |
DOI: | 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2021.10.036 |
摘要
前哨淋巴结(sentinel lymph node,SLN)的评估对于乳腺癌患者的治疗方案及预后具有重要意义。常规超声仅能从淋巴结的形态、回声情况及血流分布情况对腋窝淋巴结进行评估,而超声造影(contrast-enhanced ultrasound,CEUS)克服了传统超声诊断性能不高的局限性,为SLN的成功定位与定性提供了新思路,目前已逐步应用于临床。CEUS可精准定位SLN,为临床医生在术中准确找到SLN提供帮助。CEUS还可根据淋巴结的血流灌注信息来判断SLN的良恶性,有利于制定个性化治疗方案,改善患者预后及减少过度治疗。此外,通过CEUS指导前哨淋巴活检,可显著提高转移性SLN的检出率。值得注意的是,随着临床研究的不断深入,CEUS已被证明可追踪到SLN的多条淋巴引流通道,清晰显示淋巴引流通道与SLN的空间解剖关系,减少SLN诊断的假阴性。
关键词:
超声造影;乳腺癌;前哨淋巴结
Application of sentinel lymph node by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in breast cancer
CorrespondingAuthor: ZHOU Xianli Email: hrbzhouxl@163.com
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2021.10.036
Abstract
The evaluation of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) is important for the treatment plan and prognosis of breast cancer patients. Conventional ultrasound can only evaluate axillary lymph node based on the morphological structure, echo and blood flow distribution of lymph node, while contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can overcome the limitation of low diagnostic performance from traditional ultrasound, and provide a new idea for the successful localization and characterization of SLN. Currently, CEUS has been gradually applied in clinical. CEUS can accurately locate SLN and help clinicians exactly find SLN during surgery. CEUS can also estimate the benign or malignant according to the blood perfusion information of SLN, which is conducive to developing personalized treatment plan, improving prognosis and reducing overtreatment of patients. In addition, CEUS guidance of SLN biopsy will significantly improve the detection rate of metastatic SLN. It is worth noting that, with the continuous development of clinical studies, CEUS has been proved to be able to trace multiple lymphatic drainage channels of SLN, clearly show the spatial anatomical relationship between lymphatic drainage channels and SLN, and reduce the false negative diagnosis of SLN.
Keywords:
contrast-enhanced ultrasound; breast cancer; sentinel lymph node