Objective: To explore the protective effect of vinpocetine on multiple cognitive functions in patients with symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis. Methods: A total of 142 patients with symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis confirmed in our Neurology Department from June 2016 to June 2019 were collected and divided into a control group (n=71, traditional treatment) and an experimental group (n=71, plus vinpocetine based on treatment of the control group). The general clinical data of the 2 groups were collected, and neurological function recovery [Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores] of the 2 groups before and after the treatment were analyzed. One month after the treatment, the general cognitive function of the two groups was evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and then the multidimensional cognitive function was evaluated by the multidimensional psychological evaluation system. Results: There was no significant difference in general clinical data between the two groups. The scores of mRS and NIHSS in the experimental group were significantly higher, but the scores of neurological function were significantly lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05). The results of MMSE and MoCA showed that there was no significant difference in the total score between the two groups, but further sub-item analysis suggested that the memory, orientation, attention ,executive ability, naming ability, computational ability and abstract thinking ability in the experimental group significantly improved compared with those in the control group (both P<0.05). The digit sequence reasoning experiment, simple calculation test, word instant recall, picture instant meeting, speech working memory (forward, reverse), spatial working memory, word discrimination and executive function improved significantly in the experiment group than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Vinpocetine can effectively reduce the multi-dimensional cognitive impairment of patients.