Objective: To comparatively study the efficacy of different nursing modes in the clinical care of patients with large cerebral infarction treated by decompressive temporal muscle application with large bone flaps. Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with large cerebral infarction treated in our hospital were randomly divided into group A, group B and group C, with 40 cases in each group. Group A received routine nursing, group B received clinical nursing path table nursing, and group C received evidence-based nursing. Before and after the nursing intervention of the three groups, the degree of neurological impairment was evaluated according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scoring standard, and the prognosis of the three groups was evaluated according to the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS). Results: After three months and six months of nursing, the NIHSS scores of group C patients were lower than those of group A and group B (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between group A and group B (P>0.05). In terms of prognosis, the A, B, and C groups were 50%, 62.5%, and 82.5%, respectively. The C group was higher than the A and B groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the A and B groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Evidence-based nursing in patients with large-scale cerebral infarction who underwent large bone flap decompression and temporal muscle application can effectively improve the nursing effect and improve the degree of neurological deficits and prognosis of patients.