Objective: To investigate the effect of breast tissue markers (target nail) on breast-conserving rate of operable breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 13 cases of operable breast cancer since the introduction of target nail placement technology was performed. During chemotherapy, each patient placed a target nail in a breast cancer lesion under ultrasound guidance. Breast-conserving surgery rate, pathological complete response (pCR) rate after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and the postoperative local recurrence and distant metastasis were analyzed. Breast-conserving surgery rate before and after target nail placement technology was compared. Results: All 13 breast cancer patients with target nail placement completed neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and 10 of them completed breast-conserving surgery with a breast-conservation rate of 76.9% (10/13). The rate of breast-conserving surgery in 2017 was 26.31% (226/859). The median follow-up was 4 months (2–19 months, 38.5% more than 10 months) without local recurrence and distant metastasis. Conclusion: Target nail placement is beneficial to improve breast-conserving surgery rate of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.