Objective: To evaluate self-perceived participation and autonomy in patients with burns, and to identify key factors influencing these parameters. Methods: Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire (IPA), Acceptance of Disability Scale-Revised (ADS-R), Herth Hope Index (HHI) Scale, Modified Barthel Index (MBI) Scale, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), self-designed demographic data and disease status questionnaire were used to follow up burned patients discharged from Nantong Affiliated Hospital in February 2018 for 1 and 3 months. Influencing factors were identified using multivariable linear regression. Results: The general IPA questionnaire scores were 2.13±0.74 and 2.03±0.72 at 1 and 3 months post-discharge, respectively. Acceptance of disability, hope, and social participation were significantly correlated (P<0.01). Financial situation, pain level, activities of daily living, acceptance of disability, and hope were major factors affecting self-perceived participation and autonomy 3 months post-discharge, accounting for a variance of 77.4%. Conclusion: Medium-to-low levels of self-perceived participation and autonomy were observed 1 and 3 months post-discharge. Nurses should adopt specific measures which include alleviating their pain, encouraging participation in daily activities while accepting their disabilities, and offering hope to help patients (including those from poor economic backgrounds) successfully reintegrate into their families/societies.