Objective: To explore the application effect of the concept of Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in the perioperative period immediately after radical mastectomy. Methods: Fifty-six patients with breast cancer admitted to Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College for breast cancer modified radical mastectomy from January 2014 to December 2018 were selected as the study objects. The patients were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table, with 28 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing during perioperative period, and the observation group received nursing during perioperative period according to the concept of rapid rehabilitation under the model of multidisciplinary combination, and the difference of complications, rehabilitation effect and mental health status between the two groups was compared. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). The observation group had less drainage time, total drainage volume, recovery time of self-care ability and average length of stay than the control group (P<0.05). The score of anxiety and depression after intervention in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The concept of rapid rehabilitation under the multidisciplinary mode can accelerate the postoperative rehabilitation of patients, improve the comfort level of patients, reduce the incidence of adverse psychological factors, and improve the quality of life of patients.