Objective: To understand the screening and detection of allergens in children at the ophthalmic clinic of Wuhan Children’s Hospital, and to provide statistical basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment and epidemiological prevention of allergens in children in ophthalmic clinic. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made of 2 179 children who were screened for allergens at the ophthalmic clinics of Wuhan Children’s Hospital. The children were grouped according to age, sex and detection time, and the distribution of allergens in different groups was compared. Results: A total of 1 406 positive children were detected in 2 179 cases. The overall positive rate was 64.53%. The total positive rate of inhalation was 52.41%. The total positive rate of ingestion was 35.75%. The highest positive rate of inhalation allergens was dog hair (26.10%). The next was mite (24.83%), cat hair (10.92%), mold combination (8.77%), elm tree (5.00%), and Chinese parasol (5.00%). The highest positive rate of ingestion was milk (14.55%), followed by eggs (12.62%), soybeans (10.74%), crabs (6.42%), and peanuts (4.50%). There was no significant difference in overall positive rate among children of different gender. The positive rate of mites, dog hair, cat hair and milk among children of different ages, and the positive rate of dog hair and milk in different seasons were significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion: Dog hair, mite, cat hair, milk, eggs and soybean are the main allergens in ophthalmic outpatients. Pathogenic allergens are different in children of different ages and in different seasons. To clarify the allergens, characteristics and changing trends of children in ophthalmic outpatients in this region is helpful for obtaining effective information and taking preventive measures for allergic diseases.