The next generation sequencing (NGS) technology also known as high throughput sequencing, can sequence a large number of genes (hundreds to thousands) in one test, which has the advantages of high throughput and high sensitivity. In recent years, NGS has played an important role in detection of gene mutations, targeted therapy and judgment of the prognostic effect in tumor. It has also been gradually applied to explore the molecular pathogenesis of lymphoid and hematopoietic neoplasm and to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. It provides accurate and effective clues for target detection, prognosis judgment, pathogenesis study, and detection of unknown genes of various types of lymphoma (classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, NK/T-cell lymphoma, etc.), and plays an important role in the study of molecular pathogenesis and clinical individualized and accurate treatment of lymphoid and hematopoietic neoplasm.