Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of TRPV2 expression in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer. Methods: A total of 58 patients with colon cancer who received four cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (XELOX regimen) were collected. Analysis on the expression of TRPV2 in the biopsy specimens (cancer tissue and pericancerous tissue) from electronic colonoscopy was carried out by immunohistochemical staining. And then the relationship between the expression of TRPV2 and the chemotherapy efficacy and clinical parameters was analyzed. Results: There were 42 cases (72.41%) with effective chemotherapy and 16 cases (27.59%) with ineffective chemotherapy. The TRPV2 score in biopsy cancer tissues of patients with effective chemotherapy was 9.21±0.55, while that of patients with ineffective chemotherapy was 4.86±0.68. The TRPV2 expression level in the effective chemotherapy group was significantly higher than that in the ineffective chemotherapy group (P<0.01). The expression level of TRPV2 was not related to the gender, age and tumor size of patients with colon cancer (P>0.05), but related to the degree of tumor differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis and tumor infiltration depth of patients with colon cancer (P<0.05). The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate of patients with high TRPV2 expression was lower than that of patients with low TRPV2 expression (P<0.05); the results of univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that TRPV2 expression level was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients with colon cancer. Conclusion: TRPV2 expression is related to the malignant biological behavior of colon cancer and affects the prognosis of patients with colon cancer. TRPV2 has certain suggestive value in predicting the efficacy of XELOX chemotherapy regimen for colon cancer patients.