Objective: To analysis the influencing factors of conservative short-term therapeutic efficacy on osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods: There were 85 patients with first diagnosed osteoarthritis in this study. The patients were given non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and health education. According to Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) OA index osteoarthritis index score after 6 months follow-up, the patients with WOMAC score <80 were considered as good recovery group, the patients with WOMAC score ≥80 were considered as bad recovery group. Then to compare the two groups patients’ disease staging (K-L grade), age, WOMAC score before treatment, body mass index (BMI) and health education evaluation data, using logistic regression analysis, to analyse the influencing factors of conservative short-term therapeutic efficacy on osseous gonarthritis. Results: A total of 83 patients finally completed the study, there were 50 patients (60.24%) in the good recovery group and 33 patients (39.76%) in the bad recovery group. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that age greater than 70 years old and WOMAC score greater than 100 points before treatment were negative factors on conservative short-term therapeutic efficacy on osseous gonarthritis, while knee joint protection measures, knee joint sports score and systemic aerobic exercise were protective factors (P<0.05). Conclusion: The poor therapeutic efficacy on knee OA is related to the patients’ elderly age and the high knee WOMAC score before treatment. If the patient can do well in knee joint protection measures, knee joint movement or systemic aerobic exercise, the overall knee joint function of the patient can be better improved and maintained.