中老年血液透析患者衰弱的发生情况及对跌倒的预测分析
| 作者: |
1麦翠芳,
1颜碧燕,
1梁翠云
1 佛山市南海区第四人民医院血透室，广东 佛山 528211 |
| 通讯: |
麦翠芳
Email: maicuifangmcf@126.com |
| DOI: | 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2019.07.017 |
| 基金: | 佛山市卫生和计划生育局医学科研课题 (20190218)。 |
摘要
目的：了解中老年血液透析患者的衰弱发生情况，分析衰弱对跌倒的预测作用。方法：采用便利抽样的方法，选择2018年1至9月在佛山市南海区第四人民医院接受治疗的181例中老年血液透析患者为调查对象，使用中文版衰弱综合评估问卷(Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument， CFA I )和一般情况评估表进行调查，并采用SPSS 21.0分析衰弱的影响因素及对跌倒的影响。 结果：患者的CFAI得分为53.7±15.13，身体衰弱是得分率最高的维度，为70.6%；通过单因素分析和回归分析可知，年龄、透析龄、周透析次数、贫血、社会支持、生活自理能力均为患者衰弱得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。共47例(24.3%)患者发生跌倒，通过受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic，ROC)曲线分析可知，其曲线下面积为0.795，在CFAI得分为57.5时，其约登指数最大，为0.604。结论：中老年血液透析患者的衰弱情况及跌倒发生率均相对严重，并且衰弱能够在一定程度上预测跌倒的发生，临床医护人员应根据患者的衰弱情况进行预防护理，以降低跌倒的临床发生率。
关键词：
血液透析；中老年；衰弱；跌倒
Incidence of weakness and prediction of falls in middle-aged and elderly hemodialysis patients
CorrespondingAuthor: MAI Cuifang Email: maicuifangmcf@126.com
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2019.07.017
Foundation: This work was supported by the Medical Research Topics of Foshan Health and Family Planning Bureau, China (20190218).
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the incidence of weakness in middle-aged and elderly hemodialysis patients, and to analyze the predictive effect of weakness on falls. Methods: Totally 181 middle-aged and elderly hemodialysis patients treated in our hospital from January to September 2018 were selected by convenience sampling method, and tested by the Chinese version of the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument (CFAI), and General Situation Assessment Scale. SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze the influencing factors of weakness and its impact on falls. Results: The CFAI score of patients was 53.7±15.13. Physical weakness was the highest score dimension (70.6%). Univariate analysis and regression analysis showed that age, dialysis age, number of dialysis cycles, anemia, social support and self-care ability were all influencing factors of the patient’s weakness score (P<0.05). A total of 24.3% (47 patients) had falls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve was 0.795. When the CFAI score was 57.5, the Youden index was the largest (0.604). Conclusion: The middle-aged and elderly hemodialysis patients’ weakness and fall rate are relatively serious, and weakness can predict the occurrence of falls to a certain extent. Clinicians and nurses should take preventive care of patients’ weakness to reduce the clinical incidence of falls.
Keywords：
hemodialysis; middle-aged and elderly; weakness; fall