文章摘要

基于预防失禁性皮炎的护理干预方案在加强监护病房大便失禁患者中的应用

作者: 1周红梅, 1张秀梅, 1赵月环
1 首都医科大学宣武医院急诊监护室,北京 100053
通讯: 周红梅 Email: hatchway667@163.com
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2019.04.025
基金: 2011北京市卫生行业基金 (201002011)。

摘要

目的:探究加强监护病房(intensive care unit ,ICU)大便失禁患者实施基于预防失禁性皮炎(incontinence-associated dermatitis,IAD)的护理干预方案的影响情况。方法:选择2016年5月至2018年5月首都医科大学宣武医院ICU收治的大便失禁患者104例,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各52例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在此基础上实施基于预防IAD的护理干预方案。观察两组护理期间IAD发生率、发生时间、评分情况、护理时间,护理干预期间肛周皮肤浸渍损害程度、压疮分期,护理干预后大便管理效果及损伤愈合情况。结果:观察组护理期间IAD发生率为7.69%,低于对照组(25.00%,P<0.05);观察组IAD发生时间明显长于对照组(P<0.05),观察组IAD严重程度(IAD and its severity,IADS)量表评分情况、护理时间均明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组护理期间肛周皮肤浸渍损害程度、压疮分期情况均优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组护理干预后大便管理效果优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组皮肤愈合有效率为100.00%,明显高于对照组(57.89%, P<0.05)。结论:ICU大便失禁患者实施基于预防IAD的护理干预方案,能在缩短护理时间的同时减少IAD发生率,延长IAD发生时间,同时减少肛周皮肤浸渍损害程度及压疮分期,提高大便管理效果及皮肤愈合情况。
关键词: 失禁性皮炎;大便失禁;加强监护病房;护理

Application of nursing intervention regimen based on prevention of incontinence-associated dermatitis in patients with ICU fecal incontinence

Authors: 1ZHOU Hongmei, 1ZHANG Xiumei, 1ZHAO Yuehuan
1 Emergency Care Unit, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China

CorrespondingAuthor: ZHOU Hongmei Email: hatchway667@163.com

DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2019.04.025

Foundation: This work was supported by the Beijing Health Industry Fund, China (201002011).

Abstract

Objective: To study the effects of nursing intervention regimen based on prevention of incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) in patients with fecal incontinence in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: A total of 104 patients with fecal incontinence admitted to the ICU from May 2016 to May 2018 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group (52 cases in each group). The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group was given nursing intervention regimen based on prevention of IAD. The incidence rate, occurrence time, score and nursing time of IAD during nursing, the damage degree of perianal skin maceration and stages of pressure sores during nursing intervention, and stool management effects and damage healing after nursing intervention were observed in the two groups. Results: The incidence rate of IAD in observation group was lower than that in control group (7.69% vs 25.00%) (P<0.05). The occurrence time in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), and the IADS scale score and nursing time in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The damage degree of perioral skin maceration and stages of pressure sores during nursing in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The effects of stool management after nursing intervention in observation group were better than those in control group (P<0.05). The effective rate of skin healing in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (100.00% vs 57.89%) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Nursing intervention regimen based on prevention of IAD for ICU patients with fecal incontinence can reduce the incidence rate of IAD, prolong the occurrence time of IAD, reduce the damage degree of perioral skin maceration and stages of pressure sores, and improve stool management effects and skin healing.
Keywords: incontinence-associated dermatitis; fecal incontinence; intensive care unit; nursing

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