Objective: To explore the effects of Pilates exercise combined with comprehensive intervention of traditional Chinese medicine in the conservative treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods: A total of 364 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation treated conservatively from June 2016 to December 2017 were randomly divided into an observation group (n=184) and a control group (n=180). The control group was treated with acupuncture, traction, massage, hyperthermia and other comprehensive programs of traditional Chinese medicine and routine health management after discharge. The observation group was treated with comprehensive intervention of traditional Chinese medicine combined with Pilates exercise. The Visual Analogue Score (VAS) score, Japanese Orthopaedic Association ( JOA) score, straight leg elevation angle and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were compared between the two groups before the intervention, 1 week after the intervention, 1 month after intervention and 3 months after the intervention. Results: There was no significant difference in VAS score, JOA score, straight leg elevation angle and ODI index between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05). The VAS score, JOA score, straight leg elevation angle and ODI index of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group at the same time after one week, one month and three months of the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: Pilates exercise combined with comprehensive intervention of traditional Chinese medicine can effectively improve the conservative treatment of LDH, promote the recovery of spinal function, and is worthy of clinical application.