“Inflammation hypothesis” is a new viewpoint on the physiopathologic mechanism of diabetes mellitus, which suggestes that diabetes mellitus is inflammatory response by cytokine mediated and cause endothelial dysfunction, furthermore, and lead to the occurrence and development of vascular lesions. Oxidative stress is common mechanism and inflammation is the key factor in the sustainable development of disease. FGF19 is new metabolic molecule, which can be produced in the distal small intestine and secreted into the circulation as gut-derived hormone after feeding. In addition to controlling the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, FGF19 also regulates systemic lipid and glucose metabolism. In recent years, some studies showed that FGF19 played an important role in resisting inflammatory response. FGF19 has become potentially important target in the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.