Objective: To explore the risk factors of postoperative constipation for patients in ICU after craniocerebral injury, and establish an effective risk prediction model, so as to provide reference for guiding ICU clinical nursing work. Methods: The clinical data of 433 patients with craniocerebral injury treated in our hospital from March 2012 to September 2017 were collected, and the risk prediction model of constipation was constructed by Logistic regression analysis. The clinical judgement ability of the model was verified by actual investigation. Results: A total of six risk factors were included in the prediction model of constipation risk in patients with ICU after craniocerebral injury. The occurrence probability of constipation is P=1/(1+e^−Y), Y=−12.926+1.610×A (having constipation history) + 1.725×B (systolic blood pressure <70 mmHg) +3.146×C (having used sedative anesthetics) +2.168×D (having used vasopressor drugs) +1.985×E [mechanical ventilation (MV) days] +1.133×F [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score]. According to the comparison between the prediction model score and the actual constipation, the risk of constipation was higher when the score was >8. Conclusion: History of constipation, systolic blood pressure, use of sedative drugs, use of vasopressors, MV days and GCS score for ICU patients with constipation after craniocerebral injury surgery have good predictive value, clinical staff should pay attention to strengthening the evaluation and implementation of preventive nursing intervention.