Objective: Comparing the low temperature plasma and the effect of traditional surgery in adult tonsillectomy and its influence on quality of life. Methods: Eighty cases of adult patients with chronic tonsillitis was divided into two groups, plasma group and the traditional surgery group. Each group involves 40 people. Plasma group treated with low temperature plasma surgery, and traditional surgery with traditional decollement tonsils. Compare two groups of patients' general information, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain score, time to normal diet, inflammatory index and quality of life rating scale. Results: The plasma group showed shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss. And postoperative pain score of the plasma group was lower than that in traditional surgery group. The time return to normal diet of the plasma group was shorter than that in traditional surgery group. There was no significant difference between these two groups in term of six dimensions scale of quality of life scale, involving emotional function, social function, mental health, general health, physical function and physiological function. However, the plasma group was superior to the traditional surgery group regarding the energy and body pain dimensions. Conclusion: Compared with the traditional decollement tonsils, low temperature plasma tonsil operation is characterized with shorter operation time, less blood loss, lighter pain, and faster recovery. The quality of life of low temperature plasma tonsil operation is better than that in the traditional decollement tonsils.