Objective: To explore the effects and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) on patients with portal hypertension after splenectomy. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with portal hypertension after splenectomy undergoing TIPS during May 2005 to May 2010 in Department of Radiation of Air Force General Hospital of PLA were enrolled into case group, and those patients with portal hypertension undergoing TIPS alone were recruited as control group. And eventually, we will analyze the success rate of operation, liver function, count of platelets and portal pressure before and after undergoing operation, and the adverse events between these two groups. Results: The success rates of operation in case and control groups were 97.06% (66/68) and 100% (68/68) respectively, with statistical significance (χ2=0.04, P=0.15). The liver function and counts of platelets in these two groups before and after undergoing operation were not statistically significantly different (P>0.05), however the counts of platelets in these groups decreased to be 45.4±8.6 and 59.4±15.8, the differences in each group was statistical significant (P<0.05). The ALB in case group decreased to be 29.8±6.3, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The portal pressure in these two groups decreased to be 27.3±5.4 and 28.5±4.3, the differences in each group was statistical significant (P<0.05). After follow-up of 12-60 months, the failure rate of shunt in case group was higher than that of control group (22.73% vs. 8.82%, P=0.04), and the rate of remaining adverse evets were not statistical significant. Conclusion: TIPS in treating patients with portal hypertension after splenectomy obtain expected efficacy, however the failure rate of shunt after operation should be controlled cautiously when this operation option is considered.