Objective: To study the causes of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) tube plugging during the therapy of primary hepatic carcinoma, meanwhile, to put forward some effective nursing methods. Methods: We selected 1 026 patients with primary hepatic carcinoma dating from Mar. 1st, 2010 to Dec. 1st, 2015, recorded their basic information such as gender, age, family history, smoking history and underlying diseases. Patients were closely observed during the course of PICC, and the puncture place, blood reflux, tube washing, tube sealing, displacement or folding of the catheter were recorded. The relative factors of PICC blocking in patients with primary liver cancer during treatment period were retrospectively analysed. Results: Twenty-six cases of PICC tube plugging, accounting for 2.6%; some dangerous causes: age (OR =1.213, P<0.05), underlying diseases (OR =1.978, P<0.05), blood reflux (OR =2.237, P<0.05), tube problems (OR =2.161, P<0.05), mechanical causes (OR =2.643, P<0.05). Conclusion: The causes of PICC tube plugging during the therapy of Primary Hepatic Carcinoma are relevant to the age, underlying diseases, blood reflux, tube problems and mechanical causes. Therefore, we should pay great attention to the maintenance of the catheters, wash and seal the tube timely to avoid the blood reflux and mitigate the effect of the plugging.