Objective: To summarize the application of fiberoptic ductoscopy (FDS) in the drug perfusion for the non-tumor nipple discharge and the localization for the tumorous nipple discharge. Methods: The clinical data of 128 cases of patients with nipple discharge in our hospital were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results: Significant differences were observed in the FDS diagnoses of patients with nipple discharge. The rates of tumor detection via FDS were significantly higher in bloody (96.1%) nipple discharge. Totally 39 patients with non-tumor nipple discharge were treated with drug perfusion via FDS, 28 of whom achieved completely cure. The total effective rate is 83.6%. For tumorous diseases nipple discharge, the diagnostic rate of localization via FDS (98.0%) was higher than that of the traditional surgery group (84.6%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.08, P<0.05). Conclusion: Fiberoptic ductoscopy is a non-invasive and advanced examination method for the diagnosis of nipple discharge, and it is also a good local drug perfusion method for the patients with non-tumor nipple discharge. In addition, for the patients with tumorous nipple discharge, localization via FDS can have very good guidance function, which can help improve the accuracy of the surgery. It is safe and reliable, and worthy for further promotion.