Objective: To explore the effect of infrared treatment after traumatic fractures and predictive nursing based on root cause analysis (RCA). Methods: A total of 162 patients who underwent traumatic fracture surgery in Jiangsu Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2020 to July 2021 were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into a control group and a study group, each with 81 cases. The control group received conventional treatment, infrared therapy, and rehabilitation nursing after surgery, and the study group received RCA-based predictive nursing on the basis of the control group. Before discharge, the visual analog scale (VAS) score, the incidence of complications (including pressure sores, lung infections, joint stiffness, constipation, urinary infection), and the degree of swelling were compared between the 2 groups. Results: At 12 h after operation, there was no significant difference in VAS score between the 2 groups (P>0.05); at 24, 48, and 72 h after the operation, the VAS scores of the 2 groups gradually decreased, and the VAS score of the study group were significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05). The complication rate of patients in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The proportion of degree II and III swelling in the study group were significantly lower than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Infrared therapy combined with RCA-based predictive care after traumatic fractures can significantly improve swelling, reduce pain, and effectively reduce the incidence of complications.