Objective: To explore the effect of nursing measures based on fast recovery surgery (FTS) in the perioperative period of heart valve replacement. Methods: The perioperative related data of 93 patients with heart valve replacement treated in the Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery of Fuyang People’s Hospital from February 2019 to October 2021 were analyzed retrospectively, according to different nursing methods, they were divided into a control group (receiving routine perioperative care, n=45) and a FTS group (receiving nursing under the guidance of FTS concept, n=48). The related indexes of postoperative recovery and nursing satisfaction were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The first postoperative exhaust time, the first postoperative defecation time, the first postoperative ambulation time, and the length of hospital stay in the FTS group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The proportion of autonomous ambulation within 3 and 5 d after the operation was significantly higher than that in the control group (all P<0.05). There were no pressure ulcers in the 2 groups, the incidence of complications in the FTS group was 6.25%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (26.67%, P<0.05). At discharge, the nursing satisfaction rate of the FTS group was 97.92%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (82.22%, P<0.05). Conclusion: Carrying out nursing based on FTS nursing measures can significantly promote the postoperative recovery process of patients with heart valve replacement, reduce the occurrence of surgical complications, and improve nursing satisfaction.