食管癌淋巴结跳跃转移的研究进展
| 作者: |
1,2张涵,
1姜凯元,
1严浩吉,
1李昊萱,
1陈婷婷,
1宗正东,
1付思怡,
1田东
1 川北医学院临床医学系，四川 南充 637000 2 川北医学院口腔医学系，四川 南充 637000 |
| 通讯: |
田东
Email: TianD_EATTS@nsmc.edu.cn |
| DOI: | 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2022.05.034 |
| 基金: | 川北医学院附属医院博士科研启动基金(2021BK01)；川北医学院自然科学基金预研项目(CBY19-YZ19)。 |
摘要
淋巴结跳跃转移(nodal skip metastasis，NSM)是食管癌的一种特殊转移方式，指肿瘤原发部位附近的淋巴结不存在转移而远处区域淋巴结存在转移的现象。因其在食管癌患者中较为常见，是肿瘤侵袭范围扩大的表现且难以预测，故具有重要研究价值。目前，NSM的定义方式主要包括日本食管协会(Japanese Esophageal Society，JES)标准、美国癌症协会(American Joint Committee on Cancer，AJCC)标准和解剖间隔标准，其发生、发展与食管特殊的解剖结构和淋巴引流等因素有关。NSM具有较高的发生率，其发生风险与肿瘤位置、T分期、N分期等因素有关。然而，既往报道的NSM临床病理特点和预后影响仍有较大争议。因此，确定其最佳定义标准、探索其转移机制、研究其临床病理特点及寻找合适检测手段对制订合理治疗方案、改善患者预后具有重要意义。
关键词：
食管癌；淋巴结跳跃转移；机制；发生率；预后
Research progress in nodal skip metastasis in esophageal cancer
CorrespondingAuthor: TIAN Dong Email: TianD_EATTS@nsmc.edu.cn
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2022.05.034
Foundation: This work was supported by the Doctoral Research Initial Foundation of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College(2021BK01) and the Pre-research Project of Natural Science Foundation of North Sichuan Medical College (CBY19-YZ19), China.
Abstract
Nodal skip metastasis (NSM) is a specific pattern of metastasis in esophageal cancer, which refers to the situation that the lymph nodes distant from the location of primary tumor are involved instead of the lymph nodes near the tumor. Because NSM is common in patients with esophageal cancer, and is a manifestation of expanding tumor invasion and unpredictable, it has significant research value. At present, the definition criteria of NSM mainly includes the Japanese Esophageal Society (JES), the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the anatomic compartment guidelines. The occurrence is related to the unique anatomical structure of esophagus and lymphatic drainage. NSM has a high incidence, which associated with tumor location, T stage, N stage and other factors. However, previous studies on the clinicopathological features and prognostic impact of NSM remain controversial. Therefore, it is important to determine the best definition criteria, explore the metastatic mechanism, investigate the clinicopathological features, and find appropriate detection tools to formulate rational treatment protocol and improve the prognosis of patients.
Keywords：
esophageal cancer; nodal skip metastasis; mechanism; incidence rate; prognosis