Heart failure (HF) is a serious condition that various heart diseases develop in their advanced stages, and the morbidity and case fatality remain high. The diagnosis and treatment of patients with HF have always been the focus of clinical research. Although the traditional biomarkers B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) have been widely used in clinic, they are easily affected by other factors, which limits their application. Therefore, looking for other effective biomarkers is the future direction. Inflammatory response plays a key role in the occurrence and development of HF, and is accompanied by a series of changes in circulating inflammatory biomarkers. These biomarkers can be used as predictors of the risk and poor prognosis in HF, and their combined application with traditional biomarkers can help improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and severity assessment of patients with HF.