Objective: To demonstrate clinicopathological characteristics and the factors of influencing survival outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. Methods: Participants were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database if they were aged 15–49 years and pathologically diagnosed with ovarian cancer from January 2004 to December 2015. The patients’ clinicopathological characteristics in different age groups were compared through chi-square test. The logistic regression was performed to analyze the influencing factors on the treatment of ovarian cancer. Data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Results: In general, 10 383 patients were selected in the study. Compared to patients in 40~49 years, the patients aged 15–29 and 30–39 years were more likely to be diagnosed with a unilateral lesion (87.1% vs 72.5% vs 55.1%), the higher clinical stages of disease (stage I/II: 66.2% vs 56.3% vs 42.3%; stage III/IV: 27.8% vs 36.9% vs 52.7%), the better differentiation of tumors (high/moderate differentiation: 30.5% vs 35.7% vs 26.2%; poor differentiation/undifferentiation: 20.4% vs 29.3% vs 47.9%), and more patients underwent fertility sparing surgery (FSS: 66.1% vs 31.1% vs 8.2%), the differences were statistically significant. The pathological types of patients in different age groups were different. Germ cell tumors were the main pathological types in ovarian cancer patients aged 15–29 years (51.2%), and supercutaneous tumors were the main pathological types in patients aged 30~39 and 40–49 (76.9% and 92.8%, respectively). Besides, the median follow-up time in age groups from 15–29, 30–39 and 40–49 years old was also different from each other (57.5 vs 52 vs 47 months). The multivariable analysis showed that young women patients were more likely to undergo FSS. And patients with bilateral lesions, higher T and N stages and chemotherapy were more likely to undergo radical surgery (RS). However, young women patients and patients with bilateral lesions, poor differentiation, increased CA125, higher T and N stages, as well as patients receiving RS received chemotherapy with more possibilities. In addition, multivariable Cox regression results demonstrated that the risk of death in the 15–29 age group was 0.79 times higher than that in the 40–49 age group, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67–0.92 (P=0.003). Meanwhile, type II epithelial cell tumors and surgical treatment were beneficial to the survival of patients with ovarian cancer (P<0.005). And the worse CSS were related to other factors, including the black, poorly differentiated tumor, higher T and N stages, and receiving chemotherapy. Conclusion: The younger patients were presented with less invasive disease than patients in 40–49 years. These patients also showed higher rates of receiving FSS and better prognosis.