Objective: To investigate and analyze psychological status and influencing factors of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: From January 2018 to October 2019, 150 MS patients meeting the survey conditions who were admitted to the Department of Neurology of West China Hospital were enrolled. Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were applied to evaluate depression and anxiety. The survey was conducted by medical staffs undergoing unified training. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed, and 147 valid questionnaires were collected, with effective rate of 98.00%. The general conditions such as gender, age, marriage, education level, course of disease, smoking, drinking, monthly income, number of recurrences, disease types, and lesion involved sites were statistically analyzed. The degree of physical disability was assessed by Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Results: Of 147 patients, scores of HAMD and HAMA were 10.82±2.56 and 7.46±2.28, respectively. There were 62 patients (42.18%) with depression, including 40 cases (27.21%) with possible depression, 17 cases (11.56%) with definite depression, and 7 cases (4.76%) with severe depression. There were 54 cases (36.73%) with anxiety, including 31 cases (21.09%) with possible anxiety, 18 cases (12.24%) with definite anxiety, and 5 cases (3.40%) with severe anxiety. Univariate analysis showed that depression status of MS patients was correlated with course of disease, recurrence frequency, disease classification, and EDSS score (P<0.05), while anxiety status was correlated with course of disease, family function, recurrence frequency, disease classification, and EDSS score (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that course of disease, recurrence frequency, disease classification, and EDSS score were independent risk factors for depression in MS patients, while course of disease, family function, recurrence frequency, disease classification, and EDSS score were independent risk factors for anxiety in MS patients. Conclusion: MS patients are often accompanied with negative emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety. The course of disease, family function, recurrence frequency, disease classification, and degree of physical disability can all affect the psychological status of patients. Clinically, not only drug treatment should be given, but also psychological intervention treatment should be payed attention to.