Objective: To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on root cause analysis on the sleep quality of schizophrenics, and to provide guidance for the nursing of schizophrenics. Methods: Eighty cases of schizophrenics admitted to Shanghai Mental Health Center from September 2019 to December 2019 were selected as the study objects. All patients were divided into study group and control group according to random number table method, 40 cases each. The results of Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were compared before and after intervention. The nursing satisfaction of the family members of the two groups was evaluated and compared. Results: Before intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the BPRS score and SDSS score between the two groups (P>0.05); after intervention, the BPRS score and SDSS score of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of sleep latency, sleep efficiency, sleep time, daytime dysfunction and PSQI in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total satisfaction of nursing in the observation group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Nursing intervention based on root cause analysis can effectively improve the sleep quality of schizophrenics, which is worthy of clinical application.