Objective: To explore the effect of path rehabilitation nursing on nutritional status and prognosis of maintenance hemodialysis patients, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Ninety patients with maintenance hemodialysis admitted from November 2017 to October 2018 were selected as experimental subjects, and randomly divided into two groups, 45 in each group. Routine nursing was used in the control group and path rehabilitation nursing was used in the observation group. The changes of albumin (ALB), Prealbumin (PA), transferrin (TRF), disease knowledge, self-management behavior and quality of life scores were compared between the two groups before and after nursing. Results: After nursing, the nutritional indexes of ALB, PA and TRF in the two groups were all increased, and the observation group was significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After nursing, the scores of disease knowledge mastery and self-management behavior in the two groups increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); after nursing, the scores of physical function, physical pain, emotional function and mental health of the patients in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total incidence of complications in the observation group (4.44%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (17.78%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Path rehabilitation nursing intervention for maintenance hemodialysis patients can improve the nutritional status of patients, improve disease knowledge, self-management behavior and quality of life, and reduce complications, which is worthy of clinical application.