Objective: To study the preventive nursing interventions and effects of deep venous thrombosis after artificial hip and knee joint replacement. Methods: The case samples were 76 patients undergoing hip and knee replacements treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020. The grouping method was a random number table method, which was divided into two groups, namely the study group and the control group. Group, the sample size of the two groups remained the same (n=38), the patient’s nursing program in the control group was routine basic nursing, the patient's nursing program in the study group was deep vein thromboprophylaxis intervention, and the nursing effect between the groups was studied and compared. Results: The number of early postoperative activities, constipation, blood transfusion patients and hospital stay between the groups were evaluated. The study group was better than the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of deep venous thrombosis between groups was evaluated, and the study group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction among the groups was evaluated, and the study group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of prophylactic nursing intervention for deep vein thrombosis in the nursing of artificial hip and knee arthroplasty can effectively prevent deep vein thrombosis, which is worthy of clinical application.