Objective: To investigate the distribution and risk factors of pathogenic bacteria in patients with cirrhosis and nosocomial pulmonary infection. Methods: A total of 212 cases of cirrhotic patients treated in Tangshan Infectious Disease Hospital from February 2017 to December 2019 were errolled as the study subjects. The patients who combined with nosocomial pulmonary infection, were divided into the infection group, and the patients without nosocomial pulmonary infection were assigned into the non-infection group. The sputum samples of patients with combined pulmonary infection were investigated for bacterial culture. The differences of age, gender, etiology, child Pugh grade, hospitalization time, invasive operation, ascites, gastrointestinal hemorrhage and albumin between the two groups were compared. At the same time, the influencing factors of pulmonary infection were analyzed by logitstic regression. Results: The incidence of nosocomial pulmonary infection in 212 patients with cirrhosis was 16.04%. The top 3 pathogens were Escherichia coli (18.60%), Staphylococcus aureus (16.28%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.28%); the infection group with incidence rate of equal or greater than 60 years old, viral hepatitis, hospital stay ≥2 weeks, invasive operation, child Pugh C grade, and albumin <28 g/L was significantly higher than those of the noninfection group (P<0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥60 years old, invasive operation, child Pugh grade C, albumin <28 g/L were independent risk factors of nosocomial pulmonary infection in patients with cirrhosis (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of nosocomial pulmonary infection in patients with liver cirrhosis is high. The main pathogens are Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Age, invasive procedure, child Pugh grade C, and albumin decrease are risk factors for nosocomial pulmonary infection in patients with cirrhosis.