Objective: To investigate the correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and colorectal polyps. Methods: A total of 341 in-patients who underwent electronic enteroscopy and Helicobacter pylori examination at the same time from January 2017 to December 2018 in the Department of Gastroenterology of Affiliated Hospital of Intergrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine were divided into two groups: the colorectal polyps group and the control group. The general data, Helicobacter pylori infection rate and the number, location, size and nature of large colorectal polyps of the two groups were analyzed. Results: The positive rate of Helicobacter pylori infection in colorectal polyps group was 59.1%, and that in control group was 22.4%. The difference was significant (P<0.05). In the colorectal polyp group, the positive rate of Helicobacter pylori infection was 51.4% in patients with single polyp and 69.8% in patients with multiple polyp (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and age, sex, location, size and nature of colorectal polyps (P>0.05). Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori infection can increase the risk of colorectal polyps, especially multiple colorectal polyps.