Objective: To explore the expression of trophoblast surface antigen 2 (TROP2) in in cervical squamous carcinoma tissues and to analyze its relationship with the clinicopathological features and prognosis. Methods: Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of TROP2 in 182 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, 70 cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 26 cases of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and 30 cases of normal cervical tissue. The relationship between TROP2 expression and clinicopathological features of cervical squamous cell carcinoma was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between TROP2 protein expression and postoperative total survival (OS), and Cox model was used to analyze multivariate prognosis. Results: The high positive expression rate of TROP2 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma group was higher than that in HSIL group, LSIL group and control group (P<0.05). The high positive expression rate of TROP2 in HSIL group was higher than that in LSIL group and control group (P<0.05). The high positive expression of TROP2 were correlated with FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the OS of patients with high TROP2 protein expression was lower than that of patients with low or no expression (P<0.05). Cox risk retrospective model showed that high TROP2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.05). Conclusion: TROP2 protein is highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues, which is associated with lymph node metastasis, infiltration depth, clinical stage and other pathological characteristics, and significantly affects the prognosis.