Airway hyperresponsiveness is a strong contraction of the bronchus caused by a variety of physical or chemical stimulation, obvious bronchial spasm constriction is the main pathophysiological characteristics. The most effective clinical anti-inflammatory drugs to treat respiratory diseases are glucocorticoids. Topical application can act on almost all cells in the airways and suppress airway inflammation or prevent inflammatory cells from entering the airways. Inhaled glucocorticoids as a local airway medication can reduce the production of immune inflammatory mediators, inhibit the production of inflammatory factors, and reduce airway hyperresponsiveness. Glucocorticoids regulates gene transcription through certain mechanisms that affect the production and release of most inflammatory mediators. Glucocorticoids by inhalation is very effective for most patients with less systemic side effects.