Objective: To evaluate the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and clinicopathological features of lung cancer patients in China by meta-analysis. Methods: The literatures were collected and retrieved in English literatures of PubMed and Chinese literatures of CBM, CNKI, Wanfang Medical Database before April 2017. Review Manager 5.3 was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Nine studies contain 1 364 patients and 533 controls; subgroup analysis showed that HPV infection in lung cancer was higher than that in the control group of PCR using HPV16/18 specific primers (P<0.00001) and so was the group of PCR using universal primers (P=0.0002). However, there was statistical heterogeneity in subgroups (P=0.02; I2=82.6%); HPV infection was significantly correlated with the differentiation (OR =0.43; 95% CI 0.29–0.64; P<0.00001) and pathological type of lung cancer (OR =2.91; 95%CI 2.16–3.91; P<0.00001), but not correlated with sex, age, smoking, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage; the expression of p53 protein in HPV positive group was significantly higher than that in HPV negative group(OR =1.98; 95% CI 1.46–2.67; P<0.00001). Conclusion: HPV infection may be one of the risk factors for lung cancer in China and it is correlated with the occurrence and differentiation of lung cancer. The development of HPV-associated lung cancer is partially induced by p53 mutations at least.