Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of aspirin combined with enoxaparin in the treatment of different subtypes of progressive branch atheromatous disease (BAD). Methods: According to the different of infarct site, 104 consecutive BAD patients with progressive stroke within 1-week admission were classified into two groups: a pontine paramedian artery BAD group (PPA-BAD, n=58) and a lenticulostriate artery BAD group (LSA-BAD, n=46). All patients administrated with the same treatment programs, the anti-platelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel was applied after enrollment, while replaced by the aspirin combined with enoxaparin treatment when the patient’s condition aggravated, other clinical routines treatment of cerebral infarction were same. The patients NIHSS score and Barthel index (BI) when progression and discharge were assessed respectively. The plasma levels of fibrinogen (FIB) and CRP were measured at the time of progression and discharge and the effect of both treatments was compared. Results: There were significant differences in NIHSS score, BI score, FIB concentration and CRP concentration between the two groups at the time of stroke progression and at discharge (P<0.05). When both group patients were discharged, The NIHSS scores were reduced and the BI scores were increased, FIB concentration and CRP concentration were significantly decreased. In the PPA-BAD group, the differences of NIHSS score, BI score between progression and discharge were significantly higher than those in the LSA-BAD group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in FIB or CRP concentrations difference between discharge and progression of the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of anti-platelet combined with anticoagulation in the early treatment of PPA-BAD is better than that of LSA-BAD.