Objective: To analyze the correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the change of CITED2 gene expression. Methods: A total of 114 PCOS patients in People’s Hospital of Urumqi Autonomous Region were collected in this study, 80 healthy reproductive aged women with normal menstrual cycle were selected as the control group. The expression of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteotropic hormone (LH), testosterone (T), and estradiol (E2) was detected by electrochemiluminescence. Homeostasis model assessment β (HOMA-β) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were determined by the steady state model. CITED2 gene expression was detected by qRT-PCR. Results: The 2−△Ct value of CITED2 gene in PCOS patients was 0.146±0.032, and in the control group was 0.097±0.022. There was significant difference between the two groups (t=3.135, P=0.032). The expression of CITED2 gene was negatively correlated with FSH (r=−0.216, P=0.041) in patients with PCOS, and positively correlated with LH (r=0.382, P=0.022), T (r=0.394, P=0.016), E2 (r=0.375, P=0.026), HOMA-β(r=0.351, P=0.031) and HOMA-IR (r=0.326, P=0.033). Conclusion: CITED2 gene is highly expressed in patients with PCOS, which may be the main influencing factor of sex hormone disorder and insulin resistance.