文章摘要

基于脑血流监测的高血压脑出血患者体位管理

作者: 1王妮娜, 1欧金磊, 1孙秋香
1 扬州大学附属医院重症医学科,江苏 扬州 225002
通讯: 孙秋香 Email: sunqx81@163.com
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2021.02.009

摘要

目的:探讨基于脑血流监测的高血压脑出血患者体位管理。方法:选取2017年8月至2019年5月扬州大学附属医院收治的高血压脑出血患者80例,在经颅多普勒(transcranial Doppler,TCD)脑血流监测下,对患者实施体位管理,逐渐改变患者的床头抬高角度(0°,15°,30°,45°)。观察比较患者在不同体位下的颅内压(intracranial pressure,ICP)及、脑灌注压(cerebral perfusion pressure,CPP)以及各生命体征的变化。结果:TCD脑血流监测结果显示:床头抬高15°和30°的ICP和CPP水平均显著低于床头抬高0°,而床头抬高45°的ICP和CPP水平则高于抬高0°,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同床头抬高角度下,患者的心率(heart rate,HR)、收缩压(systolic pressure,SP)、舒张压(diastolic pressure,DP)、平均动脉压(mean arterial pressure,MAP)以及脉搏血氧饱和度(pulse oximetry saturation,SpO2)水平变化差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:TCD为目前准确监测脑出血患者ICP和CPP的可行有效方法。对高血压脑出血术后患者实施抬高体位15°~30°干预能够显著降低患者的CPP和ICP,降低脑组织二次损伤的发生率,使患者获得最佳护理效果,值得临床上广泛推广。
关键词: 高血压;脑出血;体位管理;护理;脑血流监测

Posture management of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients based on cerebral blood flow monitoring

Authors: 1WANG Nina, 1OU Jinlei, 1SUN Qiuxiang
1 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Jiangsu 225002, China

CorrespondingAuthor: SUN Qiuxiang Email: sunqx81@163.com

DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2095-6959.2021.02.009

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the posture management of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage based on cerebral blood flow monitoring. Methods: A total of 80 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, who admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from August 2017 to May 2019, were included in the study. Under the monitoring of transcranial Doppler (TCD) cerebral blood flow, the patients were managed in position, with the head elevation angle (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°) gradually being changed. The changes of intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and vital signs in different positions were observed and compared. Results: 1) The ICP and CPP levels of 15° and 30° head up were significantly lower than those of 0° head up, while the ICP and CPP levels of 45° head up were significantly higher than those of 0° head up (P<0.05); 2) There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate (HR), systolic pressure (SP), diastolic pressure (DP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse oximetry saturation (SpO2) levels among patients with different bed elevation angles (P>0.05). Conclusion: TCD is a feasible and effective method to accurately monitor ICP and CPP in patients with cerebral hemorrhage. The intervention of elevated 15°~30° positions for postoperative patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage can significantly reduce the CPP and ICP, decrease the incidence of secondary brain injury, so that the patients can obtain the best nursing effect. It is worth being widely promoted in clinical practice.
Keywords: hypertension; cerebral hemorrhage; position management; nursing; cerebral blood flow monitoring

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