Objective: To explore effects of operating room infection control management based on evidence-based concept on postoperative infection in elderly patients. Methods: Since April 2018, operating room infection control management intervention based on evidence-based concept was implemented in the hospital. All 80 elderly patients who underwent routine intervention control from June 2017 to March 2018 were included into pre-implementation, while 90 patients who underwent operating room infection control management based on evidence-based concept from April 2018 to December 2018 were included into post-implementation. The pathogen detection rate, disinfection qualification rate, postoperative infection rate and nursing quality were compared between the two groups. Results: The detection rate of pathogens after implementation was lower than that before implementation (5.56% vs 18.75%) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in qualification rate of air or aseptic package disinfection before and after implementation (P>0.05). After implementation, qualification rates of object surface, hands of medical personnel and disinfectant test were 94.44%, 98.89%, and 96.67%, respectively, which were higher than those before implementation (81.25%, 90.00%, 85.00%) (P<0.05). After implementation, incidence of infection was lower than that before implementation (2.22% vs 11.25%) (P>0.05). After implementation, scores of environmental management, disinfection isolation, nursing monitoring and nursing safety quality were higher than those before implementation (P<0.05). Conclusion: The operating room infection control pathways can reduce detection rate of pathogens in elderly patients, improve qualification rates of disinfection test, reduce incidence of postoperative infection and improve nursing quality.